Publications

Bold face denotes University collaborators

* denotes Non NCAR or other collaborators

 

Refereed

 

*Alexander, M. A., *J. D. Scott, and C. Deser, 2000: Processes that influence sea surface temperature and ocean mixed layer depth variability in a coupled model. J. Geophys. Res., 105, 16 823-16 842.

 

*Albritton D., *G. Meira Filho, U. Cubasch, *X. Dai, *Y. Ding, *D. Griggs, B. Hewitson, *J. Houghton, I. Isaksen, *T. Karl, *M. McFarland, *V. Meleshko, *J. Mitchell, *M. Noguer, *B. Nyenzi, *M. Oppenheimer, J. Penner, *S. Pollonais, T. Stocker, and K. Trenberth, 2001: Technical Summary. Climate Change 2001.  The Scientific Basis. Contribution of WG 1 to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.  J. T. Houghton, et al. (eds).  Cambridge University Press. 21-83.

 

Arblaster, J. M., G. A. Meehl, and A. Moore, 2001: Interdecadal modulation of Australian rainfall. Climate Dyn., in press.

 

Bailey, B. A., and S. Doney, 2000: Quantifying the effects of noise on biogeochemical models. Computing Science and Statistics,
32, 447-453.

 

Berliner, L. M., R. A. Levine, and D. J. Shea, 2000: Bayesian Climate Change Assessment. J. Climate, 13, 3805-3820.

 

Bitz, C. M., M. M., Holland, A. J. Weaver, and M. Eby, 2001: Simulating the ice-thickness distribution in a coupled climate model. J. Geophys. Res., 106, 2441–2463.

 

Blackmon, M. B., et al., 2001: The Community Climate System Model, Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 82, 2357-2376.

 

Bonan, G. B., 2001:  Observational evidence for reduction of daily maximum temperature by croplands in the midwest United States.  J. Climate, 14, 2430-2442.

  

Boville, B. A., J. T. Kiehl, P. J. Rasch, and F. O. Bryan, 2001: Improvements to the NCAR CSM-1 for transient climate simulations. J. Climate, 14, 164-179.

 

Carter, L. M., E. Shea, M. Hamnett, C. Anderson, G. Dolcemascolo, C. Guard, *M. Taylor, *T. Barnston, *Y. He, M. Larsen, *L. Loope, S. Malone, and G. A. Meehl, 2001: Potential consequences of climate variability and change for the U.S.-affiliated islands of the Pacific and Caribbean.  U.S. National Assessment, Climate Change and Impacts on the United States: The Potential Consequences of Climate Variability and Change, Cambridge University Press, 315–349.

 

Chang, P., L. Ji, and R. Saravanan, 2001: A hybrid coupled model study of tropical Atlantic variability. J. Climate, 14, 361-390.

 

Collins, W., 2001:  Effects of enhanced shortwave absorption on coupled simulations of the tropical climate system.  J. Climate, 14, 1147-1165.

 

Collins, W. D., P. J. Rasch, B. E. Eaton, B. Khattatov, J. -F Lamarque, and C. S. Zender, 2001:  Simulating aerosols using a chemical transport model with assimilation of satellite aerosol retrievals:  Methodology for INDOEX. J. Geophys. Res., 106, 7313-7336.

 

*Covey, C., A. Abe-Ouchi, G. J. Boer, G. M. Flato, B. A. Boville, G. A. Meehl, U. Cubasch, E. Roeckner, *H. Gordon, *E. Guilyardi, *L. Terray, *X. Jiang, *R. Miller, *G. Russell, *T. C. Johns, *H. Le Treut, *L. Fairhead, *G. Madec, *A. Noda, *S. B. Power, *E. K. Schneider, *R. J. Stouffer, and J.-S. von Storch, 2000:  The seasonal cycle in coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation models.  Climate Dyn., 16, 775-787.

 

Cubasch, U., G. A. Meehl, G. J. Boer, *R. J. Stouffer, *M. Dix, *A. Noda, *C. A. Senior, S. Raper, and K. S. Yap, 2001: Projections of future climate change.  Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis. Contribution of the WGI to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.  J. T. Houghton, Y. Ding, D. J. Griggs, M. Noguer, P. J. van der Linden, X. Dai, K. Maskell, and C. A. Johnson, Eds., Cambridge University Press, 525–582.

 

*Cummins, D. J., *T. G. Filloon, and D. Nychka, 2001: Confidence intervals for nonparametric curve estimates: toward more uniform pointwise coverage.  Journal of the American Statistical Association, 96, 233-246.

  

Dai, A., T. M. L. Wigley, B. A. Boville, J. T. Kiehl, and L. E. Buja, 2001: Climates of the 20th and 21st centuries simulated by the NCAR Climate System Model.  J. Climate, 14, 485-519.

 

Dai, A., 2001: Global precipitation and thunderstorm frequencies. Part I: Seasonal and interannual variations. J. Climate, 14, 1092-1111.

 

Dai, A., 2001: Global precipitation and thunderstorm frequencies. Part II: Diurnal variations.  J. Climate, 14, 1112-1128.

 

Dai, A., G. A. Meehl, W. M. Washington, and T. M. L Wigley, 2001: Climate changes in the 21st century over the Asia-Pacific region simulated by the NCAR CSM and PCM.  Adv. Atmos. Sci., 18, 639-658.

 

Dai, A., G.A. Meehl, W. M. Washington, T. M. L Wigley, and J. M. Arblaster, 2001: Ensemble simulation of 21^st century climate changes: business as usual vs. CO₂ stabilization.  Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 82, 2377-2388.

 

Dai, A., T. M. L. Wigley, G. A. Meehl, and W. M. Washington,  2001: Effects of stabilizing atmospheric CO2 on global climate in the next two centuries.  Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 4511-4514..

 

Dai, A., J. Wang, R. H. Ware, and T. Van Hove, 2001: Diurnal variation in water vapor over North America and its implications for sampling errors in radiosonde humidity.  J. Geophys. Res., in press.

 

Danabasoglu, G., and J. C. McWilliams, 2000: An upper-ocean model for short-term climate variability.  J. Climate, 13, 3380-3411.

 

Dawson, C. W. and R. L. Wilby: 2001. Hydrological modelling using artificial neural networks.  Progress in Physical Geography, 25, 80-108.

 

Davis, P. M., T. C. Atkinson, and T. M. L. Wigley, 2000: Longitudinal dispersion in natural channels: 2.  The roles of shear flow dispersion and dead zones in the River Severn.  U.K. Hydrology and Earth Systems Sciences, 4, 355-371.

 

*Dickson, R. R., T. J. Osborn, J. W. Hurrell, J. Meincke, *J. Blindheim, *B. Adlandsvik, *T. Vinje, *G. Alekseev, and W. Maslowski, 2000: The Arctic Ocean response to the North Atlantic Oscillation. J. Climate, 13, 2671–2696.

 

Dickey, T., S. Zedler, *X. Yu, S. C. Doney, D. Frye, *H. Jannasch, *D. Manov, *D. Sigurdson, *J. D. McNeil, *L. Dobeck, *T. Gilboy, *C. Bravo, D. A. Siegel, and N. Nelson, 2001: Physical and biogeochemical variability from hours to years at the Bermuda testbed mooring: June 1994-March 1998, Deep-Sea Res. II, 48, 2105-2140.

 

Doney, S. C., and *D. M. Glover, 2001: Modelling the ocean carbon system.  Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences, Vol. 4, J. Steele, S. A. Thorpe, and K. K. Turekian, Eds., Academic Press, 1929-1935.

 

Doney, S. C., and M. W. Hecht, 2001: Antarctic bottom water formation and deep water chlorofluorocarbon distributions in a global ocean climate model. J. Phys. Oceanogr., in press.

 

Doney, S. C., J. A. Kleypas, J. L. Sarmiento, and P. G. Falkowski, 2001: The U.S. JGOFS Synthesis and Modeling Project–An introduction. Deep-Sea Res. II, in press.

 

Doney, S. C., I. Lima, K. Lindsay, J. K. Moore, S. Dutkiewicz, M. A. M. Friedrichs, and *R. J. Matear, Marine biogeochemical modeling, Oceanography, in press.

 

Doney, S.C., and D. S. Schimel, 2001: Global Change – the future and the greenhouse effect.  Encyclopedia of Life Sciences, A. O'Daly, Ed., Marshall Cavendish Corp, in press.

*Dutay, J. -C., *et al., 2001: Evaluation of ocean model ventilation with CFC-11: Comparison of 13 global ocean models. Ocean Modelling, in press

 

*Easterling, D. R., *T. R. Karl, *K. P. Gallo, D. A. Robinson, K. E. Trenberth, and A. Dai, 2000: Observed climate variability and change of relevance to the biosphere. J. Geophys. Res., 105, 20 101–20 114.

 

*Easterling, D. R., G. A. Meehl, C. Parmesan, S. Changnon, *T. R. Karl, and L. O. Mearns, 2000: Climate extremes: Observations, modeling and impacts.  Science, 289, 2068–2074.

 

Errico, R. M., M. Ehrendorfer, and K. D. Raeder, 2001: The spectra of singular values in a regional model. Tellus, 53A, 317-332.

 

Errico, R. M., *D. J. Stensrud, and K. Raeder, 2001: Estimation of the error statistics of precipitation produced by convective parameterization schemes for application to the variational assimilation of precipitation observations. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 127A, in press.

 

Eugster W., W. R. Rouse, R. A. Pielke, Sr., J. P. McFadden, *D. D. Baldocchi, T. G. F. Kittel, F. S. Chapin, III, G. E. Liston, P. L. Vidale, *E. Vaganov, and S. Chambers, 2000: Land-atmosphere energy exchange in arctic tundra and boreal forest: available data and feedbacks to climate. Global Change Biology, 6 (suppl 1):84-115.

 

Fasham, M. J. R., *et al., 2001: A new vision of ocean biogeochemistry after a decade of the Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS).  AMBIO Sp. Iss. 10, 4-31.

 

*Folland, C. K., *T. R. Karl, and Co-authors, 2001: Observed climate variability and change. Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis. Contribution of WGI to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.   J. T. Houghton, Y. Ding, D. J. Griggs, M. Noguer, P. J. van der Linden, X. Dai, K. Maskell, and C. A .Johnson, Eds., Cambridge University Press, 99-181.

 

Fournier, A., 2001: Atmospheric energetics in the wavelet domain. I: Governing equations and interpretation for idealized flows.  J. Atmos. Sci., in press.

 

Fox, H. R., H. M. Moore, and R. L. Wilby, 2001: The impact of river regulation and climate change on the barred estuary of the Oued Massa, southern Morocco.  Regulated Rivers: Research & Management, 17, 235-250.

 

*Frederiksen, J. S., and G. Branstator, 2001: Seasonal and intraseasonal variability of large-scale barotropic modes.  J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 50-69.

 

*Garcon, V.C., *A. Oschlies, S. C. Doney, D. McGillicuddy, and *J. Waniek, 2001: The role of mesoscale variability on plankton dynamics in the North Atlantic, Deep-Sea Res. II, 48, 2199-2226.

 

*Gelaro, R., *C. A. Reynolds, and R. M. Errico, 2001: Transient and asymptotic perturbations in a simple model. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 127A, in press.

 

Gent, P. R., W. G. Large, and F. O. Bryan, 2001: What sets the mean transport through Drake Passage? J. Geophys. Res., 106, 2693-2712.

 

Gent, P. R., 2001: Will the North Atlantic Ocean thermohaline circulation weaken during the 21st century? Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 1023-1026.

 

Gent, P. R., A. P. Craig, *C. M. Bitz and *J. W. Weatherly, 2001: Parameterization improvements in an eddy-permitting ocean model for climate. J. Climate, in press.

 

*Glover, D. M., S. C. Doney, A. J. Mariano, *R. H. Evans, and *S. J. McCue, 2001: Mesoscale variability in time-series data: Satellite based estimates for the U.S. JGOFS Bermuda Atlantic Time-Series Study (BATS) site.  J. Geophys. Res., in press.

 

*Griffies, S. M., C. Böning, F. O. Bryan, E. P. Chassignet, *R. Gerdes, H. Hasumi, *A. Hirst, *A. -M. Tregueir, and *D. Webb, 2001: Developments in ocean climate modelling. Ocean Modelling, 2, 123-192.

 

Hibbard, K. A., S. Archer, D. S. Schimel and D. W. Valentine, 2001: Biogeochemical changes accompanying wody plant encroachment in a subtropical savanna.  Eco., 82(7), 1999-2011.

 

*Hoerling, M. P., J. W. Hurrell, and *T. Xu, 2001: Tropical origins for recent North Atlantic climate change. Science, 292, 90–92.

 

Holland, M. M., 2001: The role of ice/ocean coupling feedbacks on Arctic sea ice variability. J. Climate, submitted.

 

Holland, M. M., The influence of ice/ocean coupling feedbacks on Arctic sea ice variability, J. Climate, submitted.

 

Holland, M. M., C. M. Bitz, and A. J. Weaver, 2001: The influence of sea ice physics on simulations of climate change. J. Geophys. Res., 106, 19,639-19,655.

 

Holland, M. M., C. M. Bitz, M. Eby, and A. J. Weaver, 2001: The role of ice-ocean interactions in the variability of the North Atlantic thermohaline circulation. J. Climate, 14, 656-675.

 

Hurrell, J. W., and M. Visbeck, 2000: US – CLIVAR Atlantic Implementation Plan. [Available on-line from http://www.usclivar.org.]

 

Hurrell, J. W., 2001: Climate variability: North Atlantic and Arctic Oscillation (NAO/AO). Encyclopedia of Atmospheric Sciences, J. Holton, J. Pyle, and J. Curry, Eds., Academic Press, 1904–1911.

 

Hurrell, J. W., and *R. R. Dickson, 2001: Climate variability over the North Atlantic.  Ecological Effects of Climate Variations in the North Atlantic Ocean, N. C. Stenseth, G. Ottersen, J. W. Hurrell, A. Belgrano, and B. Planque, Eds., Oxford University Press, in press.

 

Hurrell, J. W., *M. P. Hoerling, and *C. K. Folland, 2001: Climatic variability over the North Atlantic.  Meteorology at the Millennium, R. Pearce Ed., Academic Press, 143–151.

 

Hurrell, J. W., *Y. Kushnir, and *M. Visbeck, 2001: The North Atlantic Oscillation. Science, 291, 603-605.

 

Iglesias-Rodriguez, M., *C. W. Brown, S. C. Doney, J. A. Kleypas, D. Kolber, Z. Kolber, P. K. Hayes, and P. G. Falkowski, 2001: Representing key phytoplankton functional groups in Ocean carbon cycle models: Coccolithophorids. Global Biogeochem. Cycles, submitted.

 

*Jöckel, P., *R. von Kuhlmann, *M. G. Lawrence, *B. Steil, *C. A. M. Brenninkmeijer, *P. J. Crutzen, P. J. Rasch, and B. Eaton, 2001:  On a fundamental problem in implementing flux-form advection schemes for tracer transport in 3-dimensional general circulation and chemistry transport models. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 127, 1035-1052.

 

Kang, I.-S., *K. Jin, B. Wang, *K.-M. Lau, *J. Shukla, V. Krishnamurti, *S. D. Schubert, D. E. Waliser, *W. F. Stern, *A. Kitoh, G. A. Meehl, *M. Kanamitsu, *V. Y. Galin, *V. Satyan, *C. K. Park, and Q. Liu, 2001: Intercomparison of the climatological variations of Asian summer monsoon precipitation simulated by 10 GCMs.  Climate Dyn., in press.

 

Kasahara, A., and *M. Kanamitsu, 2001: Weather Prediction, Numerical. Encyclopedia of Phys. Sci. and Tech., Third Edition, Academic Press, Vol. 17, 805-836.

  

Kinnison, D. E., *P. S. Connell, J. M. Rodriguez, D. A. Rotman, D. B. Considine, J. Tannahill, *R. Ramaroson, P. J. Rasch, *A. R. Douglas, *S. L. Baughcum, *L. Coy, D. W. Waugh, *S. R. Kawa, and M. J. Prather, 2001:  The global modeling initiative assessment model:  Application to high-speed civil transport perturbation.  J. Geophys. Res., 106, 1693-1711.

 

Kittel, T. G. F., *W. L. Steffen, and F. S. Chapin, III, 2000: Global and regional modeling of arctic-boreal vegetation distribution and its sensitivity to altered forcing. Global Change Biology, 6 (suppl 1):1-18.

 

Kleypas, J. A., R. W. Buddemeier, and *J. -P. Gattuso, 2001: The future of coral reefs in an age of global change.   Int. J. Earth Sciences, 90, 416-437.

 

*Lal, M., G. A. Meehl, and J. M. Arblaster, 2000: Simulation of Indian summer monsoon rainfall and its intraseasonal variability.  Regional Environmental Change, 1, 163-179.

 

Large W. G., G. Danabasoglu, J. C. McWilliams, P. R. Gent and F. O. Bryan, 2001: Equatorial circulation of a global ocean climate model with aniostropic horizontal viscosity. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 31, 518-536.

 

Large, W. G., and *A. J. Nurser, 2001: Ocean surface water mass transformation. Ocean Circulation and Climate: Observing and Modeling the Global Ocean,  G. Siedler,  J.  Gould, and J. Church, Eds., Academic Press, 317-336.

 

*Lewis, J., K. D. Raeder, and R. Errico, 2001: Vapor flux associated with return flow over the Gulf of Mexico: A sensitivity study using adjoint modeling. Tellus, 53A, 74-93.

 

Lietzke, C. E., C. Deser, and T. H. Vonder Haar, 2001: Evolutionary structure of the eastern Pacific doubled ITCZ based on satellite moisture profile retrievals. J. Climate, 14, 743–751.

 

Lima, I. D., D. B. Olson, and S. C. Doney, 2001: Biological response to frontal dynamics and mesoscale variability in oligotrophic environments: a numerical modeling study. J. Geophys. Res., in press.

 

Lima, I. D., D. B. Olson, and S. C. Doney, 2001: Intrinsic dynamics and stability properties of size-structured pelagic ecosystem models. Journal of Plankton Research, in press.

 

*Liu, P., W. M. Washington, G. A. Meehl, *G. Wu, and *G. L Potter, 2001: Historical and future trends of the Sahara Desert. Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 2683–2686.

 

*Lomax, B. H., *D. J. Beerling, G. R. Upchurch and B. L. Otto-Bliesner, 2001:  Rapid (10-yr) recovery of terrestrial productivity in a simulation study of the terminal Cretaceous impact event.  Earth Planet. Sci. Let., 192, 137-144.

 

Madden, R. A., and R. H., Jones, 2001: A quantitative estimate of the effect of aliasing in climatological time series. J. Climate, 14, 3987-3993.

 

Marshall, J., Y. Kushnir, D. Battisti, P. Chang, A. Czaja, J. W. Hurrell, *M. McCartney, R. Saravanan, M. Visbeck, 2001: Atlantic climate variability. Intl. J. of Climatology, in press.

 

McWilliams, J. C., and G. Danabasoglu, 2001: Eulerian and eddy-induced meridional overturning circulations in the tropics.  J. Phys. Oceanogr., in press.

 

Meehl, G. A., W. M. Washington, J. M. Arblaster, T. W. Bettge, and W. G. Strand Jr., 2000: Anthropogenic forcing and decadal climate variability in sensitivity experiments of 20th and 21st century climate.  J. Climate, 13, 3728–3744.

 

Meehl, G. A., W. D. Collins, B. Boville, J. T. Kiehl, T. M. L Wigley, and J. M. Arblaster, 2000: Response of the NCAR Climate System Model to increased CO₂ and the role of physical processes. J. Climate, 13, 1879–1898.

 

Meehl, G. A., and J. M. Arblaster, 2001: The tropospheric biennial oscillation and Indian monsoon rainfall. Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 1731–1734.

 

Meehl, G. A., and J. M. Arblaster, 2001: The tropospheric biennial oscillation and Asian-Australian monsoon rainfall.  J. Climate, in press.

 

Meehl, G. A., P. Gent, J. M. Arblaster, B. Otto-Bliesner, E. Brady, and A. Craig, 2001: Factors that affect amplitude of El Niño in global coupled climate models.  Climate Dyn., 17, 515-526.

 

Meehl, G. A., R. Lukas, *G. N. Kiladis, M. Wheeler, A. Matthews, and *K. M. Weickmann, 2001: A conceptual framework for time and space scale interactions in the climate system.  Climate Dyn., 17, 753-775.

 

Moore, J. K., and M. R. Abbott, 2000: Phytoplankton chlorophyll concentrations and primary production in the Southern Ocean. J. Geophys. Res., 105: 28709-28722.

Moore, J. K., S. C. Doney, J. A. Kleypas, *D. M. Glover, and I. Y. Fung, 2001: An intermediate complexity marine ecosystem model for the global domain. Deep-Sea Research II, in press.

 

Moore, J. K., S. C. Doney, J. A. Kleypas, *D. M. Glover, I. Y. Fung, 2001: Iron cycling and nutrient limitation patterns in surface waters of the world ocean. Deep-Sea Research II, in press.

 

Murphy, S., and *T. R. Keen, 2000: The sensitivity of relocatable local area models to temporal interpolation noise at open boundaries. Journal of Atmospheric Oceanic Technology, 6, 862–878.

 

Nychka, D., 2000: Challenges in understanding the atmosphere.  Journal of the American Statistical Association, 95, 972–975.

 

Otto-Bliesner, B.L., 2001:  The role of mountains, polar ice, and vegetation in determining the tropical climate during the Middle Pennsylvanian:  Climate model simulations, in Middle Pennsylvanian Sedimentation and Climate, C.B. Cecil (Ed.), SEPM Special Volume, in press.

 

Otto-Bliesner, B. L. E. C. Brady and C. Shields, 2001:  Late Cretaceous ocean:  Coupled simulations with the NCAR CSM., J. Geophys. Res., in press.

 

*Pierce, D. W., *T. P. Barnett, *N. Schneider, R. Saravanan, *D. Dommenget, and *M. Latif, 2001: The role of ocean dynamics is producing decadal climate variability in the North Pacific. Climate Dyn., in press.

 

Rasch, P. J., W. D. Collins, and B. E. Eaton, 2001:  Understanding the Indian Ocean Experiment (INDOEX) aerosol distributions with an aerosol assimilation.  J. Geophys. Res., 106, 7337-7355.

 

Rosenbloom, N. A., S. C. Doney, and D. S. Schimel, 2001: Geomorphic evolution of soil texture and organic matter in eroding landscapes, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 15, 365-381.

 

*Santer, B. D., T. M. L. Wigley, *C. Doutriaux, *J. S. Boyle, *J. E. Hansen, P. D. Jones, G. A. Meehl, *E. Roeckner, *S. Sengupta, and *K. E. Taylor, 2001: Accounting for the effects of volcanoes and ENSO in comparisons of modeled and observed temperature trends.  J. Geophys. Res., in press.

 

Schimel, D. S., et al., 2001: Recent patterns and mechanisms of carbon exchange by terrestrial ecosystems. Nature, accepted for publication.

 

*Schubert, S. D., *M. J. Suarez, *Y. Chang, and G. Branstator, 2001: The impact of ENSO on extratropical low-frequency noise in seasonal forecasts. J. Climate, 14, 2351-2365.

 

Small, E. E., L. C. Sloan, and D. Nychka, 2001: Changes in surface air temperature caused by desiccation of the Aral Sea. J. Climate, 14, 284-299.

 

*Smith, S. J., T. M. L. Wigley, and *J. A., Edmonds, 2000: A new route toward limiting climate change?.  Science, 290, 1109-1110.

 

*Smith, S. J., T. M. L. Wigley, *N. Nakicenovic, and *S. C. B. Raper, 2000: Climate implications of preliminary greenhouse gas emissions scenarios.  Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 65, 195-204.

 

*Smith, S. J., *H. Pitcher, and T. M. L. Wigley, 2001:  Global and regional anthropogenic sulfur dioxide emissions.  Global and Planetary Change, 29, 99-119.

 

*Sontakke, N. A., D. J. Shea, R. A. Madden, and R. W. Katz, 2001: Potential for long-range regional precipitation prediction over India. Mausam, 52, 47–56.

 

Stocker, T. G., K. C. Clarke, *H. Le Treut, R. S. Lindzen, *V. P. Meleshko, *R. K. Mugara, *T. N. Palmer, R. T. Pierrehumbert, *P. J. Sellers, K. E. Trenberth, and J. Willebrand, 2001: Physical climate processes and feedbacks. Climate Change 2001. The Scientific Basis.  Contribution of WG 1 to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.  J.T. Houghton, et al. Eds., Cambridge University Press, 417-470.

 

Trenberth, K. E., 2001: Climate: El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences, Academic Press, J. Steele, S. Thorpe, and K. Turekian Eds. 815–827.

 

Trenberth, K. E., 2001: Climate variability and global warming. Science, 293, 48–49.

 

Trenberth, K. E., 2001: The Earth system. Encyclopedia of Global Environmental Change, Vol. I.  The Earth System: Physical and Chemical Dimensions of Global Environmental Change.  T. Munn, Ed., John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 13–30.

 

Trenberth, K. E., 2001: Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System (GOALS). Encyclopedia of Global Environmental Change, Vol. I. The Earth System: Physical and Chemical Dimensions of Global Environmental Change.  T. Munn Ed., John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 411–413.

 

Trenberth, K. E., 2001: The extreme weather events of 1997 and 1998.  Climate Change and Water Resources, K. D. Frederick, Ed., Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd., in press.

 

Trenberth K. E., 2001: How should precipitation change as climate changes: Prospects for increases in extremes.  The Climate Report, Maryam Golnaraghi, Ed., Climate Risk Solutions, Inc., 2, 11–13.

 

Trenberth, K. E., 2001: The IPCC assessment of global warming 2001. The Forum for Environmental Law, Science, Engineering and Finance (FAILSAFE). [Available on-line from http://www.felsef.org/spring01.htm#3.]

 

Trenberth, K. E., and J. M. Caron, 2000: The Southern Oscillation revisited: Sea level pressures, surface temperatures and precipitation. J. Climate, 13, 4358-4365.

 

Trenberth, K. E., and J. M. Caron, 2001: Estimates of meridional atmosphere and ocean heat transports.  J. Climate, 14, 3433-3443.

 

Trenberth, K. E., and D. P. Stepaniak, 2001: Indices of El Niño evolution. J. Climate, 14, 1697-1701.

 

Trenberth K. E., and D. P. Stepaniak, 2001: A pathological problem with NCEP reanalyses in the stratosphere.  J. Climate, in press.

 

Trenberth, K. E., D. P. Stepaniak, and J. M. Caron, 2000: The global monsoon as seen through the divergent atmospheric circulation.  J. Climate, 13, 3969–3993.

 

Trenberth, K. E., D. P. Stepaniak, and J. M. Caron, 2000: The atmospheric energy budget and implications for surface fluxes and ocean heat transports.  Climate Dyn., 17, 259-276.

 

Trenberth, K. E., D. P. Stepaniak, and J. M. Caron, 2001: Interannual variations in the atmospheric heat budget.  J. Geophys. Res., in press.

 

Trenberth, K. E., K. Miller, L. Mearns, and S. Rhodes, 2000: Effects of Changing Climate on Weather and Human Activities.  University Science Books. 46 pp.

 

Trenberth, K. E., D. P. Stepaniak, J. W. Hurrell, and *M. Fiorino, 2000: Quality of reanalyses in the tropics. J. Climate, 14, 1499-1510.

 

Trenberth, K. E., J. M. Caron, D. P. Stepaniak, and S. Worley, 2001: The evolution of ENSO and global atmospheric temperatures. J. Geophys. Res., in press.

 

*Tzeng, R.-Y., and Y.-H. Lee, 2001: The effects of land-surface characteristics on the East Asian summer monsoon.  Climate Dyn., 17, 317-326.

 

van Loon., H., and K. Labitzke, 2000: The influence of the 11-year solar cycle on the stratosphere below 30 km: A review.  Space Science Reviews, 94, 259–278.

 

van Loon, H., and D. Shea, 2000: The global 11-year solar signal in July–August.  Geophys. Res. Lett.., 27, 2965–2968.

 

Wainer, I., P. R. Gent and G. Goni, 2000: The annual cycle of the Brazil-Malvinas confluence region in the NCAR Climate System Model. J. Geophys. Res., 105, 26,176–26,178.

  

Welch, W. T., P. Smolarkiewicz, R. Rotunno, and B. Boville, 2001: The large scale effects of flow over periodic mesoscale topography.  J. Atmos. Sci., in press.

 

Wilby, R.L. and Wigley, T.M.L., 2001: Future changes to the distribution of daily precipitation totals across North America.  Geophys. Res. Lett., in press.

 

 Wigley, T. M. L., 2000: ENSO, volcanoes and record breaking temperatures.  Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 4101-4104.

 

Wigley, T. M. L., and S. C. B. Raper, 2001: Interpretation of high projections for global-mean warming.  Science, 293, 451-454.

 

Wigley, T. M. L., *B. D Santer, and *K. E. Taylor, 2000: Correlation approaches to detection. Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 2973–2976.

 

Wikle, C., R. Milliff, D. Nychka, and L. M. Berliner, 2001: Spatiotemporal hierarchical Bayesian modeling: tropical ocean surface winds.  Journal of American Statistical Association, 96, 382-397.

 

_________________________

Non-refereed

 

Berner, J., and G. Branstator, 2001: Consequences of nonlinearities on the low-frequency behavior of an AGCM.  Proc. 13^th Conference on Atmospheric and Oceanic Fluid Dynamics, Breckenridge, Colorado, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 231-234.

 

Caron, J. M., and K. E. Trenberth, 2000: Exploring the heat budget of ENSO. Proc. 25^th Annual Climate Diagnostics and Prediction Workshop, Palisades, NY, U.S. Department of Commerce, 39–42.

 

*Dickson, R. R., J. W. Hurrell, *N. L. Bindoff, *A. P. S. Wong, B. Arbic, *B. Owens, *S. Imawaki, and *I. Yashayaev, 2000:  The world during WOCE.  Ocean Circulation and Climate.  G. Siedler and J. Church, Eds., Academic Press, 557-592.

 

Doney, S. C., K. Lindsay, J. K. Moore, Global ocean carbon cycle modeling.  International Joint Global Ocean Flux Study Synthesis, M. Fasham, Ed., Cambridge University Press, submitted

 

*Hoerling, M. P., J. W. Hurrell, and *A. Kumar, 2000: Origin of low frequency variations of the NAO. AGU Chapman Conference on the North Atlantic Oscillation, Orense, Spain, American Geophysical Union, 80.

 

Hurrell, J. W., 2000: Climate variability: North Atlantic and Arctic Oscillation.  Encyclopedia of Atmospheric Sciences, J. Holton, J. Pyle, and J. Curry, Eds., Academic Press, in press..

 

Hurrell, J. W., 2000: Climate: North Atlantic and Arctic Oscillation. Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences, J. Steele, S. Thorpe, and K. Turekian, Eds., Academic Press, in press.

 

Hurrell, J. W., C. Deser, *C. K. Folland, and *D. P. Rowell, 2001: The relationship between tropical Atlantic rainfall and summer circulation over the North Atlantic. Extended Abstract, U.S. CLIVAR Atlantic Meeting, Boulder, CO, in press.  

 

Hurrell, J. W., M. Visbeck, P. Chang, *E. Cook, *K. Katsaros, J. Marshall, J. Paegle, W. Robinson, M. Serreze, and *D. Stammer, 2001: U.S. CLIVAR efforts in the tropical Atlantic variability.  CLIVAR Workshop on Tropical Atlantic Variability, Paris, France, U.S. CLIVAR.

 

Madden, R. A., and R. J. Jones, 2000: Effects of aliasing in climatological time series.  Proc. 25^th Annual Climate Diagnostics and Prediction Workshop, Palisades, NY, U.S. Department of Commerce, 13–16.

 

Meehl, G. A., and J. M. Arblaster, 2001: Interdecadal modulation of Australian climate.  JSC/CLIVAR Workshop on Decadal Predictability, La Jolla, CA, Climate Variability and Predictability Program, 39–42.

 

Saravanan, R., A. Giannini, P. Chang, and L. Ji, 2001: Estimating the potential predictability associated with tropical Atlantic SST anomalies.  Proceedings of the U. S. CLIVAR Atlantic Meeting, Boulder, Colorado, in press.

 

*Timlin, M. S., *M. A. Alexander, C. Deser, and *J. D. Scott, 2000: Winter-to-winter recurrence of midlatitude sea surface temperature, salinity, and mixed layer depth anomalies. Proc. 25^th Annual Climate Diagnostics and Prediction Workshop, Palisades, NY, U.S. Department of Commerce, 129–132.

 

Trenberth, K. E., 2000: Millennium Perspectives. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 81, 100.

 

Trenberth K. E., 2000: How should rainfall change as climate changes: Prospects for increases in extremes? The Climate Report Newsletter.  Pub: Maryam Golnaraghi, Climate Risk Solutions, Inc. 2, 2-8.

 

Trenberth K. E., 2001: The evolution of ENSO and global atmospheric temperatures. Proc. Sino-U.S. Workshop on Climate Change and Modeling, Shanghai, China, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 28–29.