Table 2: World largest 50 rivers (by the river mouth flow rate Vol). Listed are long-term station (Stn) and river transport model (RTM) simulated river flow (in km3/yr) at the station location, and the estimated annual volume (Vol) and drainage area (D.A., based on STN-30p, in 10^3 km2) at the river mouth. The composite annual runoff data of Fekete et al.(2000) were used in the RTM simulation. nyr is station record length in years, lon and lat are longitude and latitude for the station. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- No Name Vol_at_Station River_Mouth Stn nyr lon lat Station, Country Stn±s.d. RTM Vol D.A. D.A. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 Amazon 5330±426 5083 6642 5854 4619 49 -55.5 -2.0 Obidos, Brazil 2 Congo 1271±130 1266 1308 3699 3475 81 15.3 -4.3 Kinshasa, Congo 3 Orinoco 984±112 1141 1129 1039 836 66 -63.6 8.1 Pte Angostu, Venezuela 4 Changjiang 910±133 996 944 1794 1705 49 117.6 30.8 Datong, China 5 Brahmaputra 613± 51 617 628 583 555 6 89.7 25.2 Bahadurabad, Bangladesh 6 Mississippi 536±130 458 610 3203 2896 71 -90.9 32.3 Vicksburg, USA 7 Yenisey 577± 42 525 599 2582 2440 60 86.5 67.4 Igarka, Russia 8 Paraná 476± 96 589 568 2661 2346 89 -60.7 -32.7 Timbues, Argentina 9 Lena 526± 63 456 531 2418 2430 60 127.4 70.7 Kusur, Russia 10 Mekong 292± 33 271 525 774 545 7 105.8 15.1 Pakse, Laos 11 Tocantins 356± 64 398 511 769 742 20 -49.7 -3.8 Tucurui, Brazil 12 Tapajos 337± 32 545 415 502 387 24 -56.8 -5.2 Jatoba, Brazil 13 Ob 397± 61 433 412 2570 2430 65 66.6 66.6 Salekhard, Russia 14 Ganges 382± 76 428 404 956 952 21 88.1 24.5 Farakka, India 15 Irrawaddy 258± 29 324 393 406 118 11 96.0 21.9 Sagaing, Myanmar(Burm 16 St Lawrence 226± 26 318 363 1267 774 64 -74.7 45.0 Cornwall ON, USA 17 Amur 312± 60 359 354 2903 1730 54 137.0 50.5 Komsomolsk, Russia 18 Xingu 272± 44 325 302 497 446 26 -52.2 -3.2 Altamira, Brazil 19 Mackenzie 288± 29 260 290 1713 1660 21 -133.7 67.5 Arctic Red, Canada 20 Xijiang 221± 45 179 270 409 330 46 111.3 23.5 Wuzhou, China 21 Columbia 172± 33 194 252 724 614 121 -121.2 45.6 The Dalles, USA 22 Magdalena 231± 35 175 231 252 257 19 -74.9 10.2 Calamar, Colombia 23 Uruguay 165± 54 65 228 356 249 12 -58.0 -31.4 Concordia, Argentina 24 Yukon 203± 18 203 212 852 831 21 -162.9 61.9 Pilot Stn, Alaska 25 Atrato 56± 7 33 204 34 9 24 -76.7 6.2 Tagachi, Colombia 26 Danube 202± 36 166 202 788 807 80 28.7 45.2 Ceatal Izma, Romania 27 Niger 33± 9 102 193 2240 1516 29 3.5 11.9 Gaya, Niger 28 Ogooué 148± 22 139 186 210 204 42 10.2 -0.7 Lambaréné, Gabon 29 Essequibo 69± 15 25 154 151 67 13 -58.6 5.8 Plantain Is, Guyana 30 Fraser 86± 11 121 144 245 217 79 -121.4 49.4 Hope, Canada 31 Pechora 135± 16 126 140 302 312 36 52.2 67.6 Oksino, Russia 32 Nelson 70± 17 84 126 1047 997 34 -97.9 54.8 u/s Bladder, Canada 33 Khatanga 78± 3 69 124 371 275 13 102.5 72.0 Khatanga, Russia 34 Sepik 119± 9 112 123 77 41 4 142.2 -4.2 Ambunti, Papua New Gu 35 Kolyma 99± 26 83 118 666 526 17 158.7 68.7 Kolymskoye, Russia 36 Zambeze 105± 44 404 117 1989 940 4 33.6 -16.1 Matundo-Cai, Mozambique 37 Severnaya Dv 106± 20 176 112 367 348 112 41.9 64.1 Ust Pinega, Russia 38 Indus 89± 25 125 104 1143 975 31 68.3 25.4 Kotri, Pakistan 39 Sanaga 63± 9 65 99 129 132 37 10.1 3.8 Edéa, Cameroon 40 Godavari 97± 32 86 97 312 299 74 81.8 16.9 Polavaram, India 41 Rajang 70± 10 83 93 56 34 32 112.9 2.0 Kapit Wharf, Malaysia 42 Sao Francisco 89± 28 127 90 615 623 56 -37.0 -10.0 Traipu, Brazil 43 Usumacinta 59± 12 57 89 68 51 35 -91.5 17.4 Boca del Ce, Mexico 44 Maroni 59± 14 11 86 65 64 4 -54.5 5.0 Langa Tabbe, Surinam 45 Rhine 73± 14 86 75 165 180 6 6.1 51.8 Lobith, Netherlands 46 Purari 74± 13 60 74 34 29 6 145.1 -7.0 Wabo Dam, Papua New Gu 47 Caniapiscau 43± 13 11 73 143 87 31 -69.2 57.4 Chute de la, Canada 48 Mahanadi 60± 33 63 73 141 132 6 84.0 20.8 Kaimundi, India 49 Sacramento 21± 7 11 69 193 61 31 -121.5 38.6 Sacramento, USA 50 Jacui 55± 11 50 69 81 71 5 -51.5 -30.0 Passo do Ra, Brazil __ Total: 17492±552# 18079 21152 50415 42364 ___________________________________________________________________________________________ # This number, which was estimated as the square root of the sum of the variance of the listed rivers, provides an estimate for the true s.d. of the total volume.