Controls on Western U.S. Interior Water Cycling Over the Holocene: Investigating Water Isotope Trends in iCESM and Ferricrete Proxy Data

Nigro, E., Macarewich, S., Zhu, J., Chamberlain, P.. (2025). Controls on Western U.S. Interior Water Cycling Over the Holocene: Investigating Water Isotope Trends in iCESM and Ferricrete Proxy Data. , doi:https://doi.org/10.5065/vgvh-s059

Title Controls on Western U.S. Interior Water Cycling Over the Holocene: Investigating Water Isotope Trends in iCESM and Ferricrete Proxy Data
Genre Manuscript
Author(s) Emily Nigro, Sophia Macarewich, Jiang Zhu, P. Chamberlain
Abstract Understanding regional water cycle trends is crucial for water resources management in the drought-prone western U.S., but predicting future precipitation changes remains a challenge. The Holocene (~11.7 ka to present) provides a case study for investigating the forcing mechanisms controlling temporal and spatial rainfall patterns in this region, given its rich proxy record and warmer-than-preindustrial temperatures. While most hydrologic proxies are used to reconstruct mean annual precipitation, iron-oxide deposits called ferricretes form from winter streamwater and have been interpreted to reflect summer precipitation changes. Here, we use time slice simulations from the isotope-enabled Community Earth System Model (iCESM1.2) to investigate hydrologic changes and the mechanisms driving the isotopic composition of streamwater in the western U.S. throughout the Holocene. Preliminary model results show a general increase in available moisture in northern Rocky Mountain summers over the Holocene, while δ 18O of precipitation decreases, especially from 9 to 6 ka. These two factors combine to produce a U-shaped trend in winter subsurface drainage δ 18O, with a ~0.5 ‰ increase from 6 ka to preindustrial. Overall, the iCESM1.2 and proxy winter δ 18O trends agree in direction, but changes in the model are muted relative to the strong ferricrete δ 18O increase over time. This work highlights the utility of using isotope-enabled Earth system models in conjunction with proxy evidence and identifies potential reasons for the model–proxy discrepancy. Specifically, this work suggests a likely underestimation of future precipitation response to external forcing in current models, at least in the case of CESM.
Publication Title
Publication Date Aug 1, 2025
Publisher's Version of Record https://doi.org/10.5065/vgvh-s059
OpenSky Citable URL https://n2t.net/ark:/85065/d7639v6g
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CGD Affiliations PPC

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